Mastoiditis

Mastoiditis is any inflammatory process in the mastoid cells located in the temporal bone is inadequate. Mastoiditis is a secondary disease of untreated otitis media.

Mastoiditis occurred due to Streptococcus ß hemoliticus / pneumococcus. Also lacking in the hygiene of the ear such as entry of water into the ear and bacteria that enter and nesting that can cause respiratory tract infections. On examination of the ear will show that there is a foul-smelling pus due to respiratory tract infections. Mastoiditis is the result of a long infection of the middle ear, bacterial mastoiditis usually obtained in the same bacteria found in middle ear infections. Gram-negative bacteria and Streptococcus aureus is a bacterium most often found in these infections. As mentioned above, that the circumstances which led to a decrease of the immunological system of the person also may be a predisposing factor mastoiditis. In some recent research, almost half of children suffering from mastoiditis, do not have the disease previous middle ear infection. Bacteria play a role in patients with these children is S. Pnemonieae.

Clinical manifestations of mastoiditis is:
1. Febrile / subfebris
2. Pain in the ear
3. Loss of sensation of hearing

4. Sometimes even the ringing sound occur on one side of the ear (the ear can also be on the other side)

5.Kemerahan the mastoid complex
6. Discharge either clear or in the form of mucus.
7. The demise of the hard tissues (bone, cartilage).
8. The existence of an abscess (collection of dead tissue and pus)

Complications of mastoiditis include damage to the abducens and facial cranial nerves (cranial nerves VI and VII), decreased ability to look towards the client side / lateral (cranial nerve VI) and causes the mouth oblique, as if to the side (cranial nerve VII). Other complications include vertigo, meningitis, brain abscess, otitis media and chronic purulent wound infections.

Treatment with drugs such as antibiotics, anti-pain, anti-inflammatory and others are the first line in the treatment of mastoiditis. But the selection of anti-bacteria must precisely match the test results of culture and resistance results. More invasive treatment is surgery on the mastoid. Surgery is performed in the form of open surgery, this is done if the treatment can not be helped restore to normal function. Common symptoms are usually managed, treated with antibiotics, sometimes required myringotomy. If there is a relapse due to persistent tenderness, fever, headache, and ears may be necessary mastoidektomi. 

Posted in: Disease,Ear,Infection,Treatment